What factors affect the flocculation effect of cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)?

Cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) is a commonly used flocculant for water treatment. Factors that affect the flocculation effect and can be controlled manually include the type and dosage of CPAM, wastewater pH, stirring time and settling time, and their reasonable setting is critical to the flocculation effect of CPAM.

How effective is PAMC flocculation in turbid water clarification?

Chemical and morphology structures of PAMC were characterized and analyzed. Flocculation performance and kinetics were investigated in highly turbid water clarification. Most effective flocculation occurred at pH 4 with the flocculant which contained the highest cationic content.

What is a polymeric flocculant?

In most cases, they are derived from oil-based and non-renewable raw materials (Suopajärvi et al., 2013). Commonly used polymeric flocculants include polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, poly (diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride) (DADMAC), polyamine and others (Singh et al., 2000).

Does polyacrylamide structure affect flocculation of bentonite clay?

Shaikh and coworkers studied the effect of polyacrylamide structure on the flocculation of bentonite clay. 208 Using turbidity as a powerful measure, they compared flocculations using cationic, anionic, and amphoteric polyacrylamides of varying molecular weights.

Why are polymeric flocculants used in industrial effluent treatment?

Polymeric flocculants, synthetic as well as natural have become very popular in industrial effluent treatment due to their natural inertness to pH changes, high efficiency with low dosage, and easy handling (Singh et al., 2000).

Is acrylamide a cationic flocculant?

The copolymer of acrylamide (AM) and DMC is used as an effective cationic flocculant in wastewater treatment. A series of copolymers of AM and DMC (PAMC) were synthesized using different approaches. In earlier studies, γ-ray irradiation with inverse emulsion polymerization was employed to copolymerize AM and DMC .